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07123
Scofield Reference Notes Book Introductions The General Epistle of James
(1917 Edition)
WRITER James
» See Note "Mt 4:21"
called "the Just" mentioned by Paul with Cephas and John as
"pillars" in the church at Jerusalem
# Ga 2:9
He seems to have been, as a religious man, austere, legal,
ceremonial
# Ac 21:18-24
DATE Tradition fixes the martyrdom of James in the year 62, but his
Epistle shows no trace of the larger revelations concerning the
church and the distinctive doctrines of grace made through the
Apostle Paul, nor even of the discussion concerning the relation
of Gentile converts to the law of Moses, which culminated in the
first council (Ac 15.), over which James presided. This presumes
the very early date of James, which may confidently be set down
as "the first Epistle to Christians."--Weston.
THEME By "the twelve tribes scattered abroad" we are to understand, not
Jews, but Christian Jews of the Dispersion. The church began
with such
# Ac 2:5-11
and James, who seems not to have left Jerusalem, would feel a
particular pastoral responsibility for these scattered sheep.
They still resorted to the synagogues, or called their own
assemblies by that name
# Jas 2:2
where "assembly" is "synagogue" in the Gr.). It appears from
# Jas 2:1-8
that they still held the synagogue courts for the trial of causes
arising amongst themselves. The Epistle, then, is elementary in
the extreme. To suppose that
# Jas 2:14-26
is a polemic against Paul's doctrine of justification is absurd.
Neither Galatians nor Romans was yet written.
James' theme, then, is "religion" (Gr., threskeia, "outward
religious service") as the expression and proof of faith. He
does not exalt works as against faith, but faith as producing
works. His style is that of the Wisdom-books of the O.T.
The divisions are five:
I. The testing of faith 1.1-2.26
II. The reality of faith tested by the tongue, 3.1-18
III. The rebuke of worldliness, 4.1-17
IV. The rich warned
V. Hortatory
07136
[1] {tempted}
"Temptation" is used in two senses: (1) Solicitation to evil (e.g.
# Ge 3:1-6 Mt 4:1 1Co 10:13 2Co 11:3,4 Jas 1:14
(2) Testing under trial (eg)
# Ge 22:1 Lu 22:28
Cf
# Lu 4:2
Cf
# Mt 6:13
(solicitation to evil) and
# 1Pe 1:6
(testing under trial).